Each engine-aircraft combination had secured ETOPS-180 certification from its entry into service. The FAA awarded 180-minute ETOPS clearance (“ETOPS-180”) for the Pratt & Whitney PW4084-engined aircraft on May 30, 1995, making it the first airliner to carry an ETOPS-180 rating at its entry into service. Latimer also received patents for a water closet on railroad cars and a predecessor to the modern air conditioner. The central heating furnace design that Alice H. Parker patented in December 1919 made use of natural gas for the first time to keep homes warm and toasty. Garrett Morgan was a prolific Black inventor whose early patent for an improved sewing machine design provided financial security for him and his family. It was while working in that role that he developed a new means of keeping locomotive engines lubricated while running, allowing them to operate longer between maintenance.
Freighter
All 298 people (283 passengers and 15 crew) on board were killed, making this the deadliest crash involving the Boeing 777. On July 29, 2015, an item later identified as a flaperon from the still missing aircraft was found on the island of Réunion in the western Indian Ocean, consistent with having drifted from the main search area. US officials believe the most likely explanation to be that someone in the cockpit of Flight 370 re-programmed the aircraft’s autopilot to travel south across the Indian Ocean. Air Traffic Control’s last reported coordinates for the aircraft were over the South China Sea. The aircraft sustained structural, heat and smoke damage, and was written off. The aircraft was evacuated with no injuries, and airport fire teams extinguished the fire.
Alexander Miles
It was Latimer who created a light bulb model that used a carbon filament, which lasted longer and made light bulb production cheaper. Before Miles’ innovation, passengers had to manually shut both the elevator doors and the elevator cage (a protective barrier that prevented accidental falls into the shaft). Of the 57 patents Elijah McCoy—reportedly the namesake for the popular, complimentary phrase “the real McCoy”—received over his lifetime, the portable ironing board might be one of the most timeless.
The provides seating for 395 passengers and has a range of 8,745 nmi (16,196 km; 10,064 mi), while the has seating for 426 passengers and a range of over 7,285 nmi (13,492 km; 8,383 mi). The third-generation of the 777, launched as the 777X, is to feature new GE9X engines and new composite wings with folding wingtips. Eight different customers have taken delivery of 60 aircraft of the variant, of which 18 were powered by the PW4000 and 42 by the RR Trent 800 (none were ordered with the GE90, which was never certified on this variant), with 48 in airline service as of 2018update. It uses the -200ER 45,200 US gal (171,200 L) fuel capacity and 84,000–98,000 lbf (374–436 kN) engines with a 580,000 to 661,000 lb (263.3 to 299.6 t) MTOW. Other new features include extended raked wingtips, redesigned main landing gear, and additional structural strengthening. The value of a new -200ER rose from US$110 million at service entry to US$130 million in 2007; a 2007 model 777 was selling for US$30 million ten years later, while the oldest ones had a value around US$5–6 million, depending on the remaining engine time.
Boeing 777-300ER
These inventors didn’t just create; they persevered, gaining patents and recognition in an era that didn’t easily accept their brilliance. Such a design was only the beginning of modern home security technology, which, for a family, became a possible means to protect a dwelling. In 1966, Marie Van Brittan Brown, an American inventor, patented the very first home security system that included a camera, peephole, and two-way communication. His work in electric lighting helped bring electricity into homes and cities, and his contributions to electrical engineering were key to the widespread use of the lightbulb.
With the launch of the 777X in 2013, Boeing confirmed that the aircraft would be receiving a new interior featuring 787 cabin elements and larger windows. Located above the main cabin and connected via staircases, the forward flight crew rest contains two seats and two bunks, while the aft cabin crew rest features multiple bunks. The wings also serve as fuel storage, with longer-range models able to carry up to 47,890 US gallons (181,300 L) of fuel.
- Following the successful launch of the 777 in 1995, Boeing developed further variants with expanded range and variations in passenger capacity to serve a variety of market segments.
- Inventor Lonnie Johnson holds more than 80 U.S. patents, but it’s his invention of the Super Soaker toy that is perhaps his most endearing claim to fame.
- On August 6, 2025, Cathay Pacific ordered an additional 14 aircraft, which brings the airline’s total commitment to 35 airframes.
- Each engine-aircraft combination had secured ETOPS-180 certification from its entry into service.
- As Black History Month unfolds, there’s no better time to take a closer look into the remarkable contributions of African Americans who have left an indelible mark on our world.
Engine
The airframe incorporates the use of composite materials, accounting for nine percent of the original structural weight, while the third-generation models, the and 777-9, feature more composite parts. The fly-by-wire system also incorporates flight envelope protection, a system that guides pilot inputs within a computer-calculated framework of operating parameters, acting to prevent stalls, overspeeds, and excessively stressful maneuvers. In 2013, Boeing announced that the upgraded 777X models would incorporate airframe, systems, and interior technologies from the 787.
Boeing twin-aisle airplanes offer full market coverage between 200 and 500 seats. Seven-abreast or eight-abreast seating on the 777 is equivalent in comfort to six-abreast or seven-abreast seating on competeing airplanes. In a six-abreast configuration, the first-class cabin provides plenty of room for the industry’s definitive premium seats.
The Boeing 777 had its first flight on June 12, 1994, and it was an instant hit. Customers’ expectations for continually better performance keep the airplane evolving, further distinguishing it from the competition. These new offerings further demonstrate Boeing’s commitment to helping customers maximize profits and enhance the passenger flying experience.
- By late 2019, it should be joined in the flight program by the other four prototypes which were undergoing assembly.
- The value of a new -200ER rose from US$110 million at service entry to US$130 million in 2007; a 2007 model 777 was selling for US$30 million ten years later, while the oldest ones had a value around US$5–6 million, depending on the remaining engine time.
- Developed alongside the -300ER, the -200LR features an increased MTOW and three optional auxiliary fuel tanks in the rear cargo hold.
Composite components include the cabin floor and rudder, with the 777 being the first Boeing airliner to use composite materials for both the horizontal and vertical stabilizers (empennage). The first member of the 777X family was projected to enter service in 2020 at the time of the program announcement. Mindful of the long time required to bring the 777X to the market, Boeing continued to develop improvement packages which improve fuel efficiency, as well as lower prices for the existing product. The outboard raked wingtip was to have a divergent trailing edge, described as a “poor man’s airfoil” by Boeing; this was originally developed for the McDonnell Douglas MD-12 project. More changes were targeted for late 2012, including possible extension of the wingspan, along with other major changes, including a composite wing, a new generation engine, and different fuselage lengths.
A wide cabin and open sight lines provide the ideal setting for the airline’s signature service. The 777 cabin is designed to make every passenger aspire to be a frequent passenger. Documents, including charts, flight manuals, aircraft and pilot logbooks, and electronic airport qualification information is downloaded electronically. Large flat‐panel displays present flight information in a readily accessible form, allowing pilots to quickly analyze flight parameters for safety, schedule, passenger comfort, and economics. Resistant to fatigue and corrosion, composite materials reduce maintenance time, saving airlines money and increasing airplane availability. Optimized engine integrationAdvanced computational tools used to optimally design nacelle together with wing
Preferred by Passengers
Prior to his design’s 1867 patent, riders had to manually open and close two sets of doors when entering and exiting elevator cars. In 1892, Sarah Boone patented a design improvement to Elijah McCoy’s ironing board. McCoy continued to refine this and other inventions during his lifetime, receiving 60 patents.
As Black History Month unfolds, there’s no better time to take a closer look into the remarkable contributions of African Americans who have left an indelible mark on our world. Chris’s main interests range from Science and Engineering, Military and Ancient History to Politics and Philosophy. The patent for his improved telephone transmitter was bought by Alexander Graham Bell. He is best known for his patent for a wagon-mounted fire escape ladder. In 1829, he obtained his freedom and moved to New Bedford, Massachusetts, where he worked as a blacksmith and opened a whalecraft store.
Why Airlines and Passengers Consider the 777 Important?
Flight testing resumed on January 16, 2025 following grounding in August 2024 due to cracks discovered in engine mounting hardware. Emirates cast doubt on this forecast, noting that Boeing had no clear timeline for resuming certification flights. In August 2024, routine inspection following a test flight in Hawaii led to Boeing grounding its 777X test fleet. The FAA cited a serious test flight incident involving an “uncommanded pitch event” and a lack of “design maturity”. Boeing received the first flight compliant GE9X on October 18 with a second engine due by the end of the month, for a mid-November power up.
Following the successful launch of the 777 in 1995, Boeing developed further variants with expanded range and variations in passenger capacity to serve a variety of market segments. United Airlines received its first delivery on June 7, 1995, and the aircraft entered commercial service with the airline on that date, flying from London’s Heathrow Airport to Dulles International Airport near Washington, D.C. This technology allowed the aircraft to be assembled virtually via computer, avoiding the costly time-consuming process of creating physical mock-ups. The 777 was the first aircraft to be designed entirely by using a computer.
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The gentle contour of the walls, ceiling, and integrated stowage bins allows tall passengers to enter the aisle and return to their seat without stooping. The flight deck and flight management system provide ample provision for future enhancements, such as improvements to air traffic management systems. Thoroughly integrated displays, controls, and automation work together to enhance the pilot‐airplane interface while making flight deck procedures efficient.
At Mach 0.839 (495 kn; 916 km/h), FL300, -59 °C and at a 513,400 lb (232.9 t) weight, it burns 17,300 lb (7.8 t) of fuel per hour. It is powered by the GE90-115B turbofan, the world’s most powerful jet engine with a maximum thrust of 115,300 lbf (513 kN). The last -300 was delivered in 2006 while the longer-range -300ER started deliveries in 2004.
The maiden flight of the 777F, which used the structural design and engine specifications of the -200LR along with fuel tanks derived from the -300ER, occurred on July 14, 2008. The -300ER, which combined the -300’s added capacity with the -200ER’s range, became the top-selling 777 variant in the late 2000s, benefitting as airlines replaced comparable four-engine models with twinjets for their lower operating costs. By February 2015, the backlog of undelivered 777s totaled 278 aircraft, equivalent to nearly three years at the then production rate of 8.3 aircraft per month, causing Boeing to ponder the 2018–2020 time frame. By June 1997, orders for the 777 numbered 323 from 25 airlines, including launch customers that had ordered additional aircraft.
Aircraft on display
Born Sarah Breedlove, Madame C.J. Walker became the first Black woman millionaire by inventing a line of cosmetics and hair products aimed at Black consumers in the first decades of the 20th century. Cairo International AirportBuilding No. 1 – Hall No. 3 In the skies or on the ground, the Boeing 777 is a true engineering marvel. Airlines are retiring older, less efficient jets in favor of newer, fuel-saving models like the 777. With growing market demand and rapid technological advancements, the 777 is evolving to stay ahead of the game.
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